Why does air quality matter?

Air quality starting to degrade on a winter morning.

A few hours later....

Numerous studies have confirmed a multitude of serious health complications caused by exposure to poor air quality. Here is a brief overview of some of the main health implications.

(There is an increased focus on fine dust (particulate matter), because in Almaty, PM2.5 is the biggest concern, followed by PM10, especially in the winter months.)

According to research (see below):

• PM2.5 is capable of entering the circulatory system and even the brain.
• Short term symptoms of exposure to high levels of particulate matter include irritation of the throat and airways, coughing, and difficulty breathing.
• More serious, long-term complications can include:
  • heart and lung disease
  • asthma, bronchitis, decreased lung function
  • nonfatal heart attacks
  • irregular heartbeat
  • early death
• People with heart or lung diseases, children, and older adults are most likely to be affected by particle pollution exposure.
• Air pollution has been linked to higher risk of young children developing asthma.

Relative sizes of fine air particles. Source

• Development of respiratory illnesses, such as asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia.
• Permanently reduced lung function and growth.
• Increased risk of disease, allergies, and respiratory infections.
• Brain damage and related cognitive and behavioral issues.

For more information about the negative effect of low air quality and some research behind this, the following links might be a good place to start.